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perl_array_of_hashes [2018/12/20 10:07] admin angelegt |
perl_array_of_hashes [2018/12/20 10:28] (aktuell) admin [Quellen] |
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====== Array of Hashes ====== | ====== Array of Hashes ====== | ||
+ | ===== Erstellung eines "Array of Hashes" ===== | ||
- | ===== Quellen ===== | + | <code bash> |
+ | @AoH = ( | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | husband => "barney", | ||
+ | wife => "betty", | ||
+ | son => "bamm bamm", | ||
+ | }, | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | husband => "george", | ||
+ | wife => "jane", | ||
+ | son => "elroy", | ||
+ | }, | ||
+ | |||
+ | { | ||
+ | husband => "homer", | ||
+ | wife => "marge", | ||
+ | son => "bart", | ||
+ | }, | ||
+ | ); | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | Hinzufügen eines hash zum array: | ||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | push @AoH, { husband => "fred", wife => "wilma", daughter => "pebbles" }; | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Generation eines Array of Hashes ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Einlesen einer Datei im Format "husband=fred friend=barney" mit einer der folgenden Schleifen: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code perl> | ||
+ | while ( <> ) { | ||
+ | $rec = {}; | ||
+ | for $field ( split ) { | ||
+ | ($key, $value) = split /=/, $field; | ||
+ | $rec->{$key} = $value; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | push @AoH, $rec; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | while ( <> ) { | ||
+ | push @AoH, { split /[\s=]+/ }; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Innerhalb einer Subroutine 'get_next_pair', das eine key/value Paar liefert. | ||
+ | <code perl> | ||
+ | while ( @fields = get_next_pair() ) { | ||
+ | push @AoH, { @fields }; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | while (<>) { | ||
+ | push @AoH, { get_next_pair($_) }; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Anhängen neuer Einträge an ein existierendes hash: | ||
+ | <code perl> | ||
+ | $AoH[0]{pet} = "dino"; | ||
+ | $AoH[2]{pet} = "santa's little helper"; | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Adressierung und Ausgabe eines Array of Hashes ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code perl> | ||
+ | $AoH[0]{husband} = "fred"; # Setzen eines expliziten key/value Paars | ||
+ | To capitalize the husband of the second array, apply a substitution: | ||
+ | $AoH[1]{husband} =~ s/(\w)/\u$1/; | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ausgabe aller Daten: | ||
+ | <code perl> | ||
+ | for $href ( @AoH ) { | ||
+ | print "{ "; | ||
+ | for $role ( keys %$href ) { | ||
+ | print "$role=$href->{$role} "; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | print "}\n"; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | # mit indices: | ||
+ | |||
+ | for $i ( 0 .. $#AoH ) { | ||
+ | print "$i is { "; | ||
+ | for $role ( keys %{ $AoH[$i] } ) { | ||
+ | print "$role=$AoH[$i]{$role} "; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | print "}\n"; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== Quellen ====== | ||
* O'REILLY - Programming Perl (https://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/perl4/prog/ch09_03.htm) | * O'REILLY - Programming Perl (https://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/perl4/prog/ch09_03.htm) |